What is the lunar calendar and the solar calendar?

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  • Time of issue:2021-05-12 15:58
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(Summary description)The Gregorian calendar is the solar calendar, which is also the Gregorian calendar, and it is internationally used. my country has adopted the solar calendar since the first year of the Republic of my country, which is symmetrical to the old calendar in our country. The solar calendar is also known as the "new calendar". The solar calendar uses the time the earth revolves around the sun as one year. A total of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 46 minutes.

What is the lunar calendar and the solar calendar?

(Summary description)The Gregorian calendar is the solar calendar, which is also the Gregorian calendar, and it is internationally used. my country has adopted the solar calendar since the first year of the Republic of my country, which is symmetrical to the old calendar in our country. The solar calendar is also known as the "new calendar". The solar calendar uses the time the earth revolves around the sun as one year. A total of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 46 minutes.

  • Categories:Cultural world
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2021-05-12 15:58
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1. The origin of the solar calendar:
The Gregorian calendar is the solar calendar, which is also the Gregorian calendar, and it is internationally used. my country has adopted the solar calendar since the first year of the Republic of my country, which is symmetrical to the old calendar in our country. The solar calendar is also known as the "new calendar". The solar calendar uses the time the earth revolves around the sun as one year. A total of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 46 minutes. In normal years, only the whole number of 365 days is counted, not counting the mantissa. The solar calendar is divided into 12 months each year, with 31 days in the big month, 30 days in the small month, and only 28 days in February. It is also stipulated that before July, a single month is a big month, and a bimonth is a small month; after August, a bimonth is a big month, and a single month is a small month. The remaining 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 46 seconds of each year will only reach approximately one day in four years. This day is added to the February of the fourth year. This year is called a leap year, so there are 29 days in February in a leap year.

2. The determination of a leap year in the Gregorian calendar:
Generally speaking, if you use 4 to remove the years in the solar calendar, the only thing that can be divided is leap years, such as 1984, 1988, etc. are all leap years. However, because the exact number of days in a year in the Gregorian calendar should be 365 days, 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 46 seconds, which is 5 hours, 48 ​​minutes and 46 seconds longer than the average 365 days, a total of 23 hours, 15 minutes and 4 seconds longer in four years. If a leap is added every four years and one day is added, it will be 44 points and 56 less. In 400 years, there will be three more days. Therefore, three days will be deducted every four hundred years. Therefore, a supplementary rule was set: every year in the Gregorian calendar that is a hundred, such as 1800, 1900, 2000, etc., can be divisible by 400, so it is not a leap year. But 2000 yuan is a leap year because it has 29 days in February.

3. The origin of the lunar calendar:
In the lunar calendar, the time when the moon is missing once is one month, a total of 29 and a half days. In order to make it easy to calculate, the big month is customized for 30 days, the small month is 29 days, and the large and small months are roughly arranged alternately in December of the year. There are about 365 days in a year on the lunar calendar, and there is no difference in leap years.

The lunar calendar does not consider the earth's movement around the sun, so there is no fixed time for the changes of the four seasons on the lunar calendar. It cannot reflect the seasons, which is a big disadvantage. In order to overcome this shortcoming, people later set a new calendar, the so-called lunar balcony calendar. The Xia calendar (also called the lunar calendar or lunar calendar) that is still used in our country is this kind of yin and yang calendar. It is the same as the lunar calendar. It is customized for a month when the full moon is missing once, that is, 30 days in the big month and 29 days in the small month. However, it uses the method of adding a leap month to make the average number of days per year close to the number of days in the entire year of the solar calendar. , To adjust the seasons. There is more than one leap month in the lunar calendar every two to three years.

4. Determining the leap month of the lunar calendar:
As for which month on the lunar calendar, this involves solar terms. To say that there are twenty-four solar terms in a year is just a traditional way of saying that, in detail, it should be said that there are twelve solar terms and twelve middle terms in a year. There are rules for which of the 12 middle qi belongs to which month: rain is the middle gas of the first month; the vernal equinox is the middle gas of February; Guyu is the middle gas of March; Xiaoman is the middle gas of April; The summer solstice is the mid-air in May; the great heat is the mid-air in June; the summer is the mid-air in July; the autumnal equinox is the mid-air in August; the frost is the mid-air in September; the light snow is the mid-air in October; the winter solstice is Zhongqi in November; Dahan is Zhongqi in December.

As for the months of each solar term, it is not necessarily. The average lunar month in a month is 29 and a half days, but the interval from one middle qi to the next is a little less than 30 and a half days on average. In this way, in the lunar month, Zhongqi will postpone the situation by one day from month to month. At a certain time, the Zhongqi will not be in the middle of the month but will move to the end of the month. If the next month is a small month, it is very likely There will be no gas in this month, because the next gas will move to the beginning of the third month. The month in which there is no gas in the middle is even the leap month of last month. Take an example in 1998: June 21 in the Gregorian calendar is the 27th day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, and this day is the summer solstice (May mid-air); while July 23 in the Gregorian calendar is the first day of June in the lunar calendar, and this day is the Great Heat (6) In the lunar calendar from June 24 to July 22 (the month after the fifth month of the lunar calendar), there is only one solar term, and there is no middle energy. This month is considered to be a leap May. Therefore, the leap month of the lunar calendar is determined by people according to certain rules, which is not mysterious.

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